Well, biology student, hopefully this helped you out. If you want more information on the cell organelle, then click 'Here's where I got this info...', and it will bring you to the site where I got my information.
Good luck!
-R
Monday, September 5, 2011
Cilia and Flagella
I always think these two things should be in a pair...
Where it is found:
What it does:
Where it is found:
- Cilia: attached to the membrane of the cell
- Flagella: attatched to the membrane of the cell
 |
| Cilia |
 |
| Flagella |
- Cilia: whip-like projections
- Flagella: just one whip-like projection (usually longer)
What it does:
- Cilia: moves liquid past the cell to allow the cell to move
- Flagella: moves liquid past the cell to allow the cell to move
- for single cells, like sperm, this allows them to swim, but for cells in an anchored tissue, like cells in our throat, it moves liquid over the cell itself
Cell wall
This is found ONLY in plant cells!
Where it's found: outside of the cell membrane
What it looks like: a thicker and stiffer cell membrane
Where it's found: outside of the cell membrane
What it looks like: a thicker and stiffer cell membrane
What it does: strength of the plant, maintain turgor pressure (how rigid it is), passing of substances, protection, and is a reserve for carbohydrates
The Cell Membrane
The cell membrane is essential to cell survival.
Where it is: this surrounds the cell
What it looks like: double layer of phospholipds, protiens, carbohydrates, and cholesterol that encases the cytoplasm and organelles like saran wrap
Here's where I got this info...
Where it is: this surrounds the cell
What it looks like: double layer of phospholipds, protiens, carbohydrates, and cholesterol that encases the cytoplasm and organelles like saran wrap
What it does: anchors the cytoskeleton, attatches cell to extracellular matrix, transport of materials in and out of the cell, recieves and converts signals from other cells, keeps the cell and all of its contents together
Here's where I got this info...
Junctions between cells
There are three junction types I will discuss here:
2. Desmosomes (aka: macula adherens): interactions of calcium ions and adhesion between cell membranes
- Tight junction (aka: zonula occludens): this is a site where two cell membranes come very close together and almost seem to be fused; they, in fact, prohibit materials from going between the two cells
3. Gap junction: this is when the cytoplasm of two cells are connected by a channel
Plasmodesmata
These structures are found only in plant cells!
Where they are: between plant cells
What they look like: bridges between cells
Where they are: between plant cells
What they look like: bridges between cells
What they do: these "cytoplasmic bridges" that extend through the cell wall and connect the cytoplasm of adjacent cells
Cytoskeleton
There are three different types of filaments in the cytoskeleton.
1. Microfilaments: this is a system of filaments that are responsible for anchoring plasma membrane proteins, cell movement, and cell division.
2. Microtubules: positioned near the nucleus, they serve as 'tracks' for organelles such as mitochondria and vesicles ready for excretion
3. Intermediate filaments: link the cell surface and the nucleus, and stabilize structural integrity
1. Microfilaments: this is a system of filaments that are responsible for anchoring plasma membrane proteins, cell movement, and cell division.
- usually found in the periphery of the cell, where they assist in anchoring plasma membrane proteins
- also can be found in bundles where they also act somewhat like muscles
2. Microtubules: positioned near the nucleus, they serve as 'tracks' for organelles such as mitochondria and vesicles ready for excretion
- very dynamic and important for mitosis where they segregate the choromosomes
3. Intermediate filaments: link the cell surface and the nucleus, and stabilize structural integrity
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